The cleanup function in the useEffect may reference a stale ref.current value. When the component unmounts, ref.current might already be null, causing the observer to not properly unobserve the element. Store the current element in a variable within the effect to ensure proper cleanup.

useEffect(() => {
  const observer = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => {
    const target = entries[0];
    if (target.isIntersecting) {
      callback?.();
    }
  });

  const element = ref.current;
  if (element) observer.observe(element);

  return () => {
    if (element) observer.unobserve(element);
  };
}, [callback]);

The callback dependency in the useEffect will cause the IntersectionObserver to be recreated every time the callback changes, which could be on every render if the callback is not memoized. This can lead to performance issues and unexpected behavior. Consider using a ref to store the callback or removing it from the dependency array if the callback doesn't need to trigger observer recreation.

The API endpoint ride/all is inconsistent with the RESTful design pattern used elsewhere. The old endpoint was /routes (GET all routes), and the new endpoint should simply be /ride for consistency, not /ride/all.

This creates confusion since POST /ride creates a ride, but GET requires /ride/all to list rides. The /all suffix is redundant - a GET request to /ride without an ID parameter should naturally return all rides.

[nitpick] The API endpoint in the front-end uses /ride/all to fetch rides, but there's an inconsistency: the comment in the backend route says "Get all rides" but the actual endpoint likely expects query parameters for filtering (as seen in getRideQuerySchema). Consider renaming to /ride/search or /rides for better semantic clarity.

The queued requests replay logic doesn't handle the response properly. The return statement inside the forEach callback doesn't return from the main function, and there's no mechanism to resolve/reject promises for the queued requests. This means queued requests will hang indefinitely.

Consider implementing a proper queue with promise resolution:

state.queuedRequests.forEach(async ({ req, resolve, reject }) => {
  try {
    const result = await req
      .auth(`Bearer ${newToken}`)
      .customError(
        async (error: WretchError, response: WretchResponse) => {
          return { ...error, json: await response.json() };
        }
      )
      .fetch()
      .json((json: { data: any }) => json?.data);
    resolve?.(result);
  } catch (err) {
    reject?.(err);
  }
});

The resolveRefreshPromise field was removed from the state object, but the queue management system is incomplete. The queued requests are stored but never properly resolved or rejected, which will cause those requests to hang indefinitely.

The callback dependency in the useEffect can cause the observer to be recreated on every render if the callback is not memoized by the parent component. This can lead to performance issues and unexpected behavior.

Consider using a ref to store the callback:

const callbackRef = useRef(callback);

useEffect(() => {
  callbackRef.current = callback;
}, [callback]);

useEffect(() => {
  const observer = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => {
    const target = entries[0];
    if (target.isIntersecting) {
      callbackRef.current?.();
    }
  });

  const element = ref.current;
  if (element) observer.observe(element);

  return () => {
    if (element) observer.unobserve(element);
  };
}, []);

In zod v4, the error message property should be message not error. The error property is not a valid zod option and will be ignored or cause errors.

Change { error: "..." } to { message: "..." } for all validation error messages.

The z.enum() method requires an array of values, not an enum object. This will cause a runtime error.

Change z.enum(UserRideRole) to z.enum([UserRideRole.AS_PASSENGER, UserRideRole.AS_DRIVER]) or z.nativeEnum(UserRideRole) if you want to use the TypeScript enum directly.

The z.email() method must be chained after z.string(). Using z.email() directly is not valid in zod.

Change to: z.string().email({ message: "emailError" }).trim()

The zod schema API has changed incorrectly. In zod v4, the correct method is default() not prefault(). The method name prefault appears to be a typo and will cause runtime errors.

All occurrences of .prefault() should be changed to .default().

Unused import z.